How much does it cost to remodel a kitchen

How much does it cost to remodel a kitchen

How much does it cost to remodel a kitchen. Aug 22, 2023 · A kitchen remodel runs $14,608 to $41,275, on average: Minor jobs can cost as little as $10,000 and major ones can mount to $100,000. Few projects command as big a price tag as a kitchen ... Feb 1, 2022 · $55,000 to $150,000 for a large kitchen (greater than 350 sq. ft.). Cost per amount of work done. Shipwash’s costs estimates are based on the type of kitchen remodel: Small kitchen remodel: For Shipwash, this includes items that can be done for less than $100 each and that can be completed in a weekend. Average Remodel Cost of Kitchen Cost by Kitchen Size . The expense of your remodel hinges on not only the size of your kitchen but also your specific …A kitchen remodel runs $14,608 to $41,275, on average: Minor jobs can cost as little as $10,000 and major ones can mount to $100,000. Few projects command as big a price tag as …Are you planning a small kitchen remodel? One of the most important aspects to consider is choosing the right appliances. With limited space, it’s crucial to select appliances that...The average cost to DIY a kitchen remodel is $20,000.Most homeowners spend between $9,000 and $30,000, or around $50 to $200 per square foot.What you spend depends on how much of the project you DIY (you may need help with plumbing and electrics), the extent of the remodel, and the quality of the …Jul 28, 2022 ... A complete dream kitchen remodel in the Chicagoland and northern & western suburban area typically costs $115,000 to $200,000 or more. In a 424 ...Jan 10, 2024 · Here are a few individual projects to consider with your kitchen installation cost: Kitchen cabinet costs: $2,000–$10,600. Countertop installation costs: $1,900–$4,400. Sink installation cost: $220–$650. Kitchen faucet cost: $160–$370. Garbage disposal installation cost: $100–$1,500. Tile backsplash cost: $500–$1,700. How much different parts of a Kitchen Renovation cost on average for each type. 1) Cabinets: The average cost for Cabinets in renovation range from $4,000-$7,500. With this much variation, it’s important to do some research and find out which style and model you like best before making a final purchase decision.For a small kitchen remodel, between 64 and 144 square feet, average remodeling costs can range from $9,600 to $64,800, according to Fixr. Large Kitchen Remodel Cost. In a larger kitchen, you can make changes on a grander scale. Some popular remodels include redoing countertops, reimagining the kitchen’s footprint, and …Total cost: $12,500 Total time: Six weeks (one month in 2020, two weeks in 2023) Location: Cleveland Completed: October 2023 The kitchen in Nancy Mocsiran’s …For our Indiana customers, it’s important to keep in mind that midwest costs are typically lower than national averages. Cost vs. Value Report listed $75,500 as the average for a major kitchen remodel. But that same project costs about 14% less to complete in the Midwest vs. the Pacific coast ($71,100 vs. $81,500).The kitchen remodel cost per square foot in this example is $377.10. The time calculated to complete this remodel would be 4.8 weeks (assuming 40 hour work ...How Much Does It Cost to Remodel a Kitchen Yourself? Labor costs are a significant component of any kitchen remodel budget. The average is between $3,000 and $6,000, but a more accurate way to project the total cost might be to assume that 25% of your costs will go toward labor. Opting to DIY some …On the lower end of the scale, a basic kitchen renovation may cost around £5,000. This option typically involves simple upgrades, like new cabinet doors and worktops, or a flat pack kitchen, while keeping major appliances and the kitchen's general layout intact. If you're aiming for a more comprehensive transformation and would like …A major kitchen remodel is when the layout is altered and plumbing or electrical are replaced. Due in part to high demand, the kitchen remodel cost in Snohomish County and King County tends to be higher than elsewhere. Writing for The Seattle Times, Jason Legat notes that “a kitchen remodel in Seattle averages $145,658.”.Kitchen remodeling projects can cost anywhere from $20,000-$100,000+, all depending on your kitchen’s size and the kind of materials you want to install. If you’re going to get a rough estimate of how much your kitchen remodeling project will cost, create a breakdown chart listing all of the elements …Extension & Remodeling Contractor Pricing. The typical costs of the professionals you’ll need for a home remodeling project are as follows: Cost of a construction manager: $3,300-$53,800 per project. Cost of a carpenter: $15-$150 per hour. Cost of a general contractor: $250-$58,000 per project. Cost of an architect: $2,000-$9,400 per project.For a dishwasher, the average price is 45 euro. If your kitchen refurbishment includes all the factors outlined above, a thorough remodel can cost an average of 3,500 euro. However, if you leave out some things like new kitchen cabinets and the painting and interior design, it is possible to remodel a kitchen in Portugal for about 1,600 euro.Learn how location, space size, materials and layout affect the cost of a kitchen remodel. Find out the national and …Jun 29, 2023 · The total cost to remodel kitchens depends on the size of the kitchen, the materials and how extensive the remodel is. At the lower end, a kitchen remodel costs between $23,058-$73,886 , on average. More expensive remodels can cost an average of $36,028-$114,759 . The average cost of kitchen renovation in Los Angeles is between $50,000 and $70,000, but can vary based on factors such as size, materials, and scope. Budget- ...Learn how much it costs to remodel a kitchen, from materials, fixtures and labor. Find out the average cost, the breakdown of expenses, the factors that …How Much Does It Cost To Renovate A Kitchen? Kitchens are traditionally one of the first rooms homeowners remodel. Doing so can cost anywhere from $26,790 to $154, 483.Aug 4, 2023 · Here, we’ll look at each tier, what it could include, and its cost range. Cosmetic kitchen remodel. A cosmetic kitchen remodel ranges from putting a bit of make-up over the age spots to splurging on a facelift. The national average cost of a basic remodel ranges from $19,288 to $35,898. Traditional kitchens are all about little details that give you a welcoming feel, and their cost in Dubai is around 5000 AED to 12000 AED. Modern Kitchen Renovation - Modern Kitchen Renovation in Dubai costs around 4000 AED to 10000 AED. It totally depends on what kind of materials and appliances you need to use to …3. Cost for renovating a kitchen per square meter.. On an average homeowner spend about $2,300 square meter for their kitchen. You might think that $207 is a very high number but this is only an average. The starting price per square meter is $1,533 and people doing high-end kitchen renovations might spend as much as …The average cost of kitchen renovation in Los Angeles is between $50,000 and $70,000, but can vary based on factors such as size, materials, and scope. Budget- ...How much does a kitchen remodel cost? National Average. While the average cost to remodel a kitchen is $26,500, it can range significantly from or more …Jul 21, 2023 · On average, a kitchen renovation costs approximately $30,944 or $195 per square foot. Homeowners report spending between $16,402 and $45,618 or $97 to $326 per square foot. For example, a smaller kitchen remodel costs between $13,049 and $19,574 and may include painting walls, refacing cabinets, upgrading the sink and installing a new tile ... The cost to relocate a kitchen typically ranges from $20,000 to $40,000. If you’re updating an old kitchen, costs generally average about $25,300. You may pay more if you need to build an addition or guest house, which usually start around $45,000. The average kitchen remodel cost today is between $20,000 to $50,000. That's equivalent to $100 to $250 per square foot to renovate your kitchen. Asking for a ...If you’re planning to replace your cabinets. the size of your kitchen and the materials you choose can drastically affect the overall cost. Wood cabinets can run anywhere from $5,000 to …May 3, 2023 · Highlights. The typical cost range for a small kitchen remodel is $10,500 to $15,000, and the national average cost is $12,750. The main factors that affect a small kitchen remodel cost are the ... How Much Does It Cost to Remodel a Bathroom? As you might imagine, the cost of a bathroom remodel can vary, depending on numerous factors. Mitchell Parker, home design trends expert at Houzz, tells us that the national median spend for primary bathroom remodels is $13,500, which is up …zero turn mowers with steering wheelmoving desktop backgrounds The average cost of kitchen remodeling for American households is currently at $26,256 or roughly $150 per square foot, according to HomeAdvisor and could go all the way up to $64,000.Small projects or remodeling jobs with small kitchens may cost as low as $10,000 that could include painting, replacing the sink, installing a tile …Oct 13, 2021 · If you are planning to replace your kitchen cabinetry, the size of your kitchen and the materials you choose can dramatically affect the overall remodel cost of your 10×10 kitchen. While wood cabinets can cost you anywhere between $5,000 to $30,000, a high-end material like stainless steel can set you back by $25,000 to $35,000 during your ... Are you considering a kitchen remodel? Planning your remodel kitchen design is an exciting but also challenging task. The kitchen is the heart of the home, where families gather an...Experts say to add between 20% and 25% on top of your budget to handle surprises and unexpected costs. Based on the average cost of a Canadian renovation, a healthy buffer would be $5,118 to ...The average bathroom remodel costs $11,989, with most homeowners spending between $6,628 and $17,526 for a complete tear-out and replacement of all walls, fixtures, and appliances.On a large or primary bath, prices can reach as high as $28,000.Size of Bathroom. The size and layout of your bathroom are the first places to start when estimating the cost of renovations. Bathroom remodels range from $70 to $250 per square foot, depending on the type of bathroom and whether you opt for basic or designer finishes.For instance, the average size of a small, full bathroom is 40 square …Depending on the project’s scope and type the average cost is around $5,500 with the typical cost of a bathroom remodel ranges from $2,000–$18,000. Below, we’ll break down the various factors that go into remodeling costs and address some frequently asked questions about bathroom remodeling. According to homeadvisor.com, the average cost of a kitchen remodel is around $25,000, with most Philadelphia homeowners spending between $13,000 - $38,000. For a basic, small sized kitchen remodel (i.e. less than 70 foot) the cost would be approximately $15,000, broken down as below: The above example is for a small sized kitchen in Philadelphia. Today’s kitchen has become the center of family life, meaning that a functional, beautiful space is essential. Scroll through for our ideas of kitchen designs. This traditional mod... tangled hair salongravy from better than bouillon Kitchen remodel: Renovating your kitchen can cost between $13,287 and $37,558, depending on the cost of appliances and quality of finishes. Chef’s kitchens with all the trimmings could range up to $50,000 or more. Bathroom remodel: For a …Feb 16, 2024 · So, let’s take a look at roughly how much you could expect to spend. Units: A standard kitchen cupboard unit costs between £20 and £70, or between £20 and £50 for a wall unit. Higher-quality units cost between £70 and £130 for a base unit and between £70 and £100 for a wall unit. Jul 4, 2022 · A budget kitchen renovation will cost around £6000 to £12000. The price will increase with the number of changes or fixes you need. For a complete new fancy look with an extension, the redo cost can be up to £15,000. It can be expensive to remodel a kitchen. But, with the right advice and guidance, you can save a lot of your hard-earned ... Mar 11, 2020 · How much does it cost to remodel a kitchen? On average, it costs $25,064 (or $150 per square foot) to remodel a kitchen, according to data from HomeAdvisor. Keep in mind that this number is part of a wide range—the cost can vary significantly depending on where you live and how much work you put into your remodel. cheapest vps A typical IKEA kitchen costs $6,500-19,000 depending on your kitchen size, the type of cabinets, as well as other accessories and appliances you select.. Most homeowners report spending $8,500-14,500 on a complete kitchen from IKEA.. While there are a few cheap kitchen remodeling options out there, … most reliable suv of all timepodcast topicslunch orlando Other economy options are olefin carpet ($3-5/SF), marmoleum ($3.5-6/SF), cork, and bamboo ($4-7/SF). The most luxurious options are reclaimed wood, ceramic and porcelain tiles. They will cost you much more – from 11 to 17 dollars per square foot. Ceiling repair will cost you about $200.How Much Does It Cost to Remodel a Kitchen Yourself? Labor costs are a significant component of any kitchen remodel budget. The average is between $3,000 and $6,000, but a more accurate way to project the total cost might be to assume that 25% of your costs will go toward labor. Opting to DIY some …Committing to a complete renovation means being prepared for a range of quotes. According to the at Harvard University, homeowners spend an average of $6,329 for minor changes and $42,816 for a full kitchen remodel. Note that this study only tells you what other people spend. illustration portfolio The final cost of a kitchen remodel will depend on the size of your kitchen, the type of cabinets, appliance budget, and if any electrical or plumbing will be moving. Based on national averages, for a typical, medium-sized space (120 sqft), a full, rip-and-replace kitchen remodel in New Jersey will range from $23,500 to … For a 300-500k house, 75k kitchen is where you should be, 500k-1 mil should be around 150-250k, 2 mil house and up should be 250-350k IMO. Reply reply. LauraPringlesWilder. •. As someone with a house approaching $1m, you do not need to have a $200k kitchen, this varies widely by area :) Reply reply. one piece watch order Greatest number of choices for finishes and materials. MID-RANGE – Price Range: $80k to $120k. Mid-Range Dublin, OH Kitchen Remodel – 225sf. Mid-Range Upper Arlington, OH Kitchen Remodel – 115sf. Possible Scope of Work & Finishes: Reorganize existing layout for greater efficiency. Remove soffits.Learn how to estimate the average cost of a kitchen remodel based on location, size, scale, and quality of features. Find out how much to spend on cabinetry, labor, …Jul 28, 2022 ... A complete dream kitchen remodel in the Chicagoland and northern & western suburban area typically costs $115,000 to $200,000 or more. In a 424 ...Feb 3, 2022 · According to Remodeling magazine’s 2021 cost vs. value report, a kitchen remodel costs between $26,214 for minor changes to $149,079 for a major renovation with luxury fixtures. Jason Bernier, owner of Bernier Building and Remodeling, Inc. in Milford, Connecticut, says that his kitchen remodels start in the $50,000 range. Typically, figures are estimated at anything between £2,500 and £8,000 for the kitchen renovation cost. At least, that's the average cost for a brand new ...Carpentry (Kitchen Countertops, Cabinets & Island) S$3,539 – S$5,851. Plumbing. S$250 – S$950. Table Tops (basic and premium ranges) S$850 – S$2,550. Installation of Kitchen Fitouts. S$7,324 – S$18,666. * The kitchen renovation costs mentioned above are estimates and might vary based on the nature of your requirements … lactose free cottage cheesechevy colorado vs silverado May 25, 2023 ... What's the cost of a standard kitchen renovation? A standard kitchen renovation costs anywhere from $15,000 to $40,000, with the median overall ...The restaurant renovation cost of fitting out a bar and kitchen, including all the equipment like burners and espresso machines, can be a big budget line item. The Restaurant Owner’s survey put the average cost of a 1,000-square-foot bar and kitchen, including the equipment, at about $75,000, or $80 a square foot.May 25, 2023 ... What's the cost of a standard kitchen renovation? A standard kitchen renovation costs anywhere from $15,000 to $40,000, with the median overall ... basketball tips The kitchen is one of the most popular rooms to remodel, but it's also one of the most expensive. Minor tweaks start at $4,000, but renovations can balloon up to more than $100,000 if they include ...Average labor cost to remodel bathroom. The average labor cost to remodel a bathroom is $1,300 to $4,300+, or around 20% of the total budget for a standard bathroom.Bathroom remodeling contractors charge $40 to $100+ per hour depending on the type of specialist. General contractors charge $50 to $150 per hour or 10% to 20% of …Nov 9, 2022 ... What is the average cost of a kitchen remodel? Find out with our guide on how to budget and plan for a kitchen renovation for your home or ... cheap room decorplaces to eat in lakeland fl Feb 1, 2022 · $55,000 to $150,000 for a large kitchen (greater than 350 sq. ft.). Cost per amount of work done. Shipwash’s costs estimates are based on the type of kitchen remodel: Small kitchen remodel: For Shipwash, this includes items that can be done for less than $100 each and that can be completed in a weekend. How Much Does it Cost to Install Kitchen Cabinets? The cost to install kitchen cabinets typicallys range between $4,000 and $13,000 as of 2024, with a national average price of $7,500. When looking at the cost by linear foot of cabinetry installed, you can expect to pay around $150 to $500 per linear foot for …The answer is yes. In fact, it may be one of the most cost-effective options for your kitchen remodel. The price can range widely based on the type …Part of what makes a kitchen remodel complicated is how much the prices can change. Though the average remodel cost is over $20,000, prices can range from $10,000 for smaller projects to over $50,000 for large-scale remodels. Part of why prices can vary so widely is that many variables are going into a …The average cost of kitchen renovation in Los Angeles is between $50,000 and $70,000, but can vary based on factors such as size, materials, and scope. Budget- ...Feb 16, 2024 · So, let’s take a look at roughly how much you could expect to spend. Units: A standard kitchen cupboard unit costs between £20 and £70, or between £20 and £50 for a wall unit. Higher-quality units cost between £70 and £130 for a base unit and between £70 and £100 for a wall unit. Kitchen remodeling projects can cost anywhere from $20,000-$100,000+, all depending on your kitchen’s size and the kind of materials you want to install. If you’re going to get a rough estimate of how much your kitchen remodeling project will cost, create a breakdown chart listing all of the elements …For a small kitchen remodel, between 64 and 144 square feet, average remodeling costs can range from $9,600 to $64,800, according to Fixr. Large Kitchen Remodel Cost. In a larger kitchen, you can make changes on a grander scale. Some popular remodels include redoing countertops, reimagining the kitchen’s footprint, and … how long does it take to tailor a suit Are you considering remodeling your kitchen but worried about the cost? It’s no secret that kitchen remodels can be expensive, but there are ways to lower the average cost and stil...Appliances ; Item, Average CT Cost, Average National Cost ; Cabinetry, $10,875, $7,508 ; Labor, $6,375, $4,401 ; Appliances/Ventilation, $5,250, $3,624 ...Renovation costs vary considerably, depending on how much work you're having done. Expect to be quoted anywhere from: $10,000 - $45,000+ for kitchen renovations. $2,000 - $10,000+ for garden renovations. $10,000 - $35,000+ for bathroom renovations. $10,000 - $15,000+ for living room renovations. $2,000 - $35,000+ for …You can spend $5-10,000 on appliances or splurge with a $20- 40,000 appliance package. Budgeting for a kitchen remodeling project can be tricky. The “type” of home (condo, townhouse, single family), age of the home (need to update utilities, lead paint hazards), location (urban with no parking), design/ layout of the … bottle labels for daycare HomeAdvisor reports that the average kitchen remodel nowadays has a price tag of $26,180, which equates to around $150 per square foot. The …Nov 9, 2022 ... What is the average cost of a kitchen remodel? Find out with our guide on how to budget and plan for a kitchen renovation for your home or ...I see all these people saying $15-25k but where we're at, that's a bathroom. $50k min and up to $150k on a kitchen with solid cabinets, tile floors and splashes, stone counters, and good appliances.Jul 10, 2023 ... Remodeling a kitchen in Charlotte costs anywhere from $100,000 - $160,000, on average, not including your appliances. The finishes you choose, ... soap2day to How much different parts of a Kitchen Renovation cost on average for each type. 1) Cabinets: The average cost for Cabinets in renovation range from $4,000-$7,500. With this much variation, it’s important to do some research and find out which style and model you like best before making a final purchase decision. Average Kitchen Remodel Costs in 2023. According to the 2023 U.S. Houzz Kitchen Trends Study, the median cost for a minor kitchen remodel is $10,000, while the median cost for a major remodel - when at least all the cabinets and appliances are replaced - is $40,000. Those amounts are up by 14% and 25%, respectively, since 2020. Feb 9, 2024 · The average cost of a kitchen renovation in each of these categories, including all new appliances, installation, plumbing, and electrical work, can be approximately: Basic: $17,000. Budget: $28,000. Luxury: $40,000+. Because of the materials and equipment used in the kitchen, the difference between a budget and a luxury kitchen is greater. How much does a kitchen remodel cost? National Average. While the average cost to remodel a kitchen is $26,500, it can range significantly from or more …May 7, 2021 · For a mid-range kitchen renovation, with high quality but slightly less expensive appliances and so on, the average cost is around $68,000. For a basic kitchen remodel, with small upgrades and less expensive finishes, you might spend about $18,000. Again, these are just estimates; it varies depending on what appliances and design elements you ... Kitchen Renovation. Renovation Costs. If you want a ballpark figure, expect to outlay anywhere from $10,000 to $45,000+. Factors that affect the cost of your project include the size of your kitchen, the materials, and appliances you select as well as labour costs. Expect to spend anywhere from $10,000 to $45,000+ or more on a kitchen renovation. free emotional support animal lettermeditation poses Cabinets: Can range from $2,000 to $30,000. Counters: Can range from $500 to $20,000. Changing the layout: Can range from $500 to $10,000. Flooring, paint, lighting, windows, trim: Can range from $500 to $30,000. As you can see it is possible to go way over $50,000 when you remodel a kitchen and we did not even include any labor yet!The kitchen is the heart of the home. And because that’s the case, having a beautiful and functional space is essential for most homeowners. Fortunately, finding inspiration for yo...Aug 4, 2023 · Here, we’ll look at each tier, what it could include, and its cost range. Cosmetic kitchen remodel. A cosmetic kitchen remodel ranges from putting a bit of make-up over the age spots to splurging on a facelift. The national average cost of a basic remodel ranges from $19,288 to $35,898. How much does a new kitchen remodel cost in NZ – Mid Range Kitchens. As discussed above a basic new kitchen would cost between $16,560 to $28,990. A mid-range kitchen renovation cost in NZ costs between 32,000 to $45,000. In a mid-range kitchen, you have more flexibility and options in terms of change in layout and materials.A budget kitchen renovation will have an average price range of $20,000 to $30,000. A standard kitchen renovation will have an average price range of $30,000 to $45,000. A high-end kitchen renovation will have an average price range of $45,000+. Another factor that can also affect your kitchen renovation cost is the quality of the materials you ...These amounts include the cost of installation, but do not include ancillary services like plumbing or electrical work. As a general guide, small, medium and large kitchen renovations in South Africa will fall into the following ranges: Small kitchen: R48,500 to R97,500. Medium kitchen: R61,000 to R166,000.A final estimate will vary based on several factors, including, but not limited to, actual measurements, final product selection, construction needs, permitting requirements, and labor costs. This free kitchen estimator allows you to accurately estimate the cost of your future kitchen renovation or remodel project without knowing any exact ...How Much Does It Cost To Remodel A Kitchen In San Diego? The average cost to remodel a kitchen is $100 to $250 per square foot. San Diego homeowners typically spend around $12,000 to $25,000 for remodelling of an average-sized kitchen.To break it down even further, for an average-sized kitchen, each trade is likely to cost around $700 (£500) each (plumber, tiler, electrician, plasterer) with the joiner costing around $3,000 (£2,000) to fit the cabinets. These costs will vary depending on the size of your kitchen. Waste and rubbish removal can also cost up to $700 (£500).Mar 27, 2021 ... Cabinets $15,000 Countertops $4,000, Appliances $5000, Other materials such as flooring, fixtures, backsplash, hardware and mics $6,000. All ...Renovation costs vary considerably, depending on how much work you're having done. Expect to be quoted anywhere from: $10,000 - $45,000+ for kitchen renovations. $2,000 - $10,000+ for garden renovations. $10,000 - $35,000+ for bathroom renovations. $10,000 - $15,000+ for living room renovations. $2,000 - $35,000+ for …You can spend $5-10,000 on appliances or splurge with a $20- 40,000 appliance package. Budgeting for a kitchen remodeling project can be tricky. The “type” of home (condo, townhouse, single family), age of the home (need to update utilities, lead paint hazards), location (urban with no parking), design/ layout of the … how to upload pictures from iphone to pc Jul 28, 2022 ... A complete dream kitchen remodel in the Chicagoland and northern & western suburban area typically costs $115,000 to $200,000 or more. In a 424 ...How much should a 10 x 10 kitchen remodel cost? That will depend greatly on what you pay for labor as well as the appliances, materials and finishes you choose. Average cost of 10 x 10 remodel by state. State Average Cost* Average Cost Range* Alabama: $10,360.00: $9,520.00 - $11,190.00: Alaska: …Explore more on the costs to refinish a hardwood floor. The average cost to replace a hardwood floor is $1,200 to $2,400 for a 200-square-foot … cheap hotel santa barbara Feb 1, 2022 · $55,000 to $150,000 for a large kitchen (greater than 350 sq. ft.). Cost per amount of work done. Shipwash’s costs estimates are based on the type of kitchen remodel: Small kitchen remodel: For Shipwash, this includes items that can be done for less than $100 each and that can be completed in a weekend. The average San Diego kitchen remodel for minor projects costs approximately $10,950. Major home remodeling and kitchen remodeling in San Diego vary greatly from project to project, ranging from $25,000 to $150,000 depending on the scope of the kitchen bath project. But ultimately, it comes down to budget.The average bathroom remodel costs $11,989, with most homeowners spending between $6,628 and $17,526 for a complete tear-out and replacement of all walls, fixtures, and appliances.On a large or primary bath, prices can reach as high as $28,000. seal paversfishing clash gift codes The average cost to remodel a kitchen might fall in the $20,000 to $25,000 range, with small and basic kitchen remodeling costs often starting at about $4000 while high-end finishes and major renovation might boost the price to the $50,000 scale. The cost to remodel a kitchen is often worth it for many homeowners, as the kitchen might …How much does it cost to remodel a small kitchen? Based on national averages, the cost for a full, rip-and-replace remodel of a small kitchen can range from $18,000-$57,000 and up, depending on finish level of the materials used. A major gut renovation for a kitchen of the same size would add an additional 15 …Typically, it will cost between $16,200 for a simple remodel of a small galley kitchen and up to $31,600 or more for a high-end remodel or large galley kitchen renovation. Your total project cost depends on the extent of the remodel, the size of your kitchen, and whether you do some of the work yourself. free macro recorder The kitchen remodel cost per square foot in this example is $377.10. The time calculated to complete this remodel would be 4.8 weeks (assuming 40 hour work ...According to the annual HIA Kitchens and Bathrooms survey, a kitchen renovation should cost around $22,000 to $40,000. Unfortunately, there are a multitude of ...How Much Does It Cost to Remodel a Kitchen in Charlotte, North Carolina? Remodeling a kitchen in Charlotte costs anywhere from $100,000 - $160,000, on average, not including your appliances. The finishes you choose, the age of your home, and your location in Charlotte will determine where in this range your remodel will land.Considered the heart of the home, the kitchen is where the majority of traffic, activities, and group conversations occur. Therefore, a kitchen remodel typically comes into play wh...A kitchen remodel runs $14,608 to $41,275, on average: Minor jobs can cost as little as $10,000 and major ones can mount to $100,000. Few projects command as big a price tag as …How Much Does It Cost To Remodel A Kitchen In Austin? The average cost to remodel a kitchen is $100 to $250 per square foot. Austin homeowners typically spend around $12,000 to $25,000 for remodelling of an average-sized kitchen.Mar 8, 2024 · Kitchen Remodel Costs by Size. The cost of a kitchen remodel can vary based on the size of the kitchen. Here’s a breakdown of average costs based on different kitchen sizes: Small Kitchen (less than 70 square feet): Minor remodel: $5,000 – $15,000; Mid-range remodel: $15,000 – $30,000; Upscale remodel: $30,000 – $50,000 or more Oct 16, 2023 · Average Cost Of A Kitchen Remodel. Across the US, homeowners report that the average total cost of a full kitchen remodel is $11,000 – $25,000 depending on the size of the kitchen, local labor costs and the quality of materials that are used. The average kitchen remodel cost is $16,500-19,000. instagram ads cost Nov 1, 2019 ... But you probably wouldn't want to exceed a budget of $75,000 (15 percent). Spend less than 5 percent and you may decrease the value of your home ...Average labor cost to remodel bathroom. The average labor cost to remodel a bathroom is $1,300 to $4,300+, or around 20% of the total budget for a standard bathroom.Bathroom remodeling contractors charge $40 to $100+ per hour depending on the type of specialist. General contractors charge $50 to $150 per hour or 10% to 20% of …A major kitchen remodel is when the layout is altered and plumbing or electrical are replaced. Due in part to high demand, the kitchen remodel cost in Snohomish County and King County tends to be higher than elsewhere. Writing for The Seattle Times, Jason Legat notes that “a kitchen remodel in Seattle averages $145,658.”. baked bears Mar 2, 2022 · Average Cost. Mid-range. Highest Cost. $27,000. $15,500. $65,000. A 10x10 kitchen remodel ranges from $15,500 to $30,000 on average. Remember that the total costs will depend on your chosen finish, new furniture or appliances, plumbing or lighting fixtures, and any layout changes. Jun 23, 2023 ... The national average cost for kitchen remodeling is $26,500. This price is based on minor renovations in a 220-square-foot kitchen. Expect the ... complete kitchen renovation cost, remodela, 10x10 kitchen remodel cost, kitchen remodel examples and costs, cost of kitchen remodel calculator, cost of kitchen remodel 2014, kitchen remodel costs estimator, cost of renovating a kitchen Individuals, entrepreneurs, shareholders, employees the lawyer they feel special agent? iseiwl. 4.9 stars ... UPPER LEVEL. $150K+. Remove Existing Walls to Accommodate Expanded Kitchen Design Layouts. New Flooring in New Kitchen Area & Adjacent Rooms. Appliances May be Moved to Other Locations. Customized Cabinetry. Level 3 Plumbing Fixtures. Exotic Granite or Quartz Countertops. fanduel kick of destiny The average cost of kitchen renovation in Los Angeles is between $50,000 and $70,000, but can vary based on factors such as size, materials, and scope. Budget- ...Greatest number of choices for finishes and materials. MID-RANGE – Price Range: $80k to $120k. Mid-Range Dublin, OH Kitchen Remodel – 225sf. Mid-Range Upper Arlington, OH Kitchen Remodel – 115sf. Possible Scope of Work & Finishes: Reorganize existing layout for greater efficiency. Remove soffits.How much does it cost to remodel a small kitchen in NYC? In New York City, the cost for a full, rip-and-replace remodel of a small kitchen can range from $21,000-$71,500 and up, depending on finish level of the materials used. A major gut renovation for a kitchen of the same size would add an additional 15 …Jul 28, 2022 ... A complete dream kitchen remodel in the Chicagoland and northern & western suburban area typically costs $115,000 to $200,000 or more. In a 424 ...Simplify your kitchen remodeling by considering a kitchen appliance suite. A suite, also known as an appliance package, takes the guesswork out of choosing individual items and bun...A final estimate will vary based on several factors, including, but not limited to, actual measurements, final product selection, construction needs, permitting requirements, and labor costs. This free kitchen estimator allows you to accurately estimate the cost of your future kitchen renovation or remodel project without knowing any exact ...Mar 27, 2021 ... Cabinets $15,000 Countertops $4,000, Appliances $5000, Other materials such as flooring, fixtures, backsplash, hardware and mics $6,000. All ...A large-scale or luxury remodel can cost from $70,000 to $130,000 or more, according to Angi. Typically, a large-scale remodel includes a change in the size and layout of the kitchen and/or ...How Much Does It Cost To Renovate A Kitchen? Kitchens are traditionally one of the first rooms homeowners remodel. Doing so can cost anywhere from $26,790 to $154, 483.Small kitchen remodel costs vary by project but usually total between $9,000 and $25,000, with a national average cost of $16,000. Here are the key factors that ...Cost by Area of Kitchen. Costs vary greatly by the materials you pick for each part of your kitchen. For example, pre-made stock cabinets can cost as little as $120 …The average cost of a kitchen renovation in each of these categories, including all new appliances, installation, plumbing, and electrical work, can be approximately: Basic: $17,000. Budget: …The typical pull-and-replace kitchen remodel will cost between $15,000 and $60,000 depending on the spaces existing condition and product selection. On average, ...Bathroom remodeling costs from $6,622 to $16,744 (but can be much higher) The price per square foot for a bathroom remodel ranges from $70 to $250How Much Does It Cost To Remodel A Kitchen In San Diego? The average cost to remodel a kitchen is $100 to $250 per square foot. San Diego homeowners typically spend around $12,000 to $25,000 for remodelling of an average-sized kitchen.The cost of kitchen remodeling in Pittsburgh can vary depending on several factors such as the size of the kitchen, the scope of the project, and the materials and finishes chosen. On average, homeowners in Pittsburgh can expect to spend anywhere between $10,000 and $30,000 for a basic kitchen remodel. the good doctor season 3how can i make a pdf editable Mar 8, 2024 · Kitchen Remodel Costs by Size. The cost of a kitchen remodel can vary based on the size of the kitchen. Here’s a breakdown of average costs based on different kitchen sizes: Small Kitchen (less than 70 square feet): Minor remodel: $5,000 – $15,000; Mid-range remodel: $15,000 – $30,000; Upscale remodel: $30,000 – $50,000 or more Budget kitchen renovation cost – $15,000 – $ 25,000; Mid-range kitchen renovation cost – $25,000 – $45,000; Premium kitchen renovation cost – $45,000+ Budget Kitchen Renovation Costs. To keep costs low, budget kitchen renovations typically deal with the aesthetics and surface-level upgrades. pink engagement ring HomeAdvisor reports that the average kitchen remodel nowadays has a price tag of $26,180, which equates to around $150 per square foot. The …How Much Does It Cost to Remodel a Kitchen Yourself? Labor costs are a significant component of any kitchen remodel budget. The average is between $3,000 and $6,000, but a more accurate way to project the total cost might be to assume that 25% of your costs will go toward labor. Opting to DIY some …How Much Does it Cost to Install Kitchen Cabinets? The cost to install kitchen cabinets typicallys range between $4,000 and $13,000 as of 2024, with a national average price of $7,500. When looking at the cost by linear foot of cabinetry installed, you can expect to pay around $150 to $500 per linear foot for …Mar 8, 2024 · Kitchen Remodel Costs by Size. The cost of a kitchen remodel can vary based on the size of the kitchen. Here’s a breakdown of average costs based on different kitchen sizes: Small Kitchen (less than 70 square feet): Minor remodel: $5,000 – $15,000; Mid-range remodel: $15,000 – $30,000; Upscale remodel: $30,000 – $50,000 or more The average cost to remodel a kitchen is $26,780, according to Angi, a home services company. However the total amount will vary depending on your location and the scale of your project.The kitchen remodel cost per square foot in this example is $377.10. The time calculated to complete this remodel would be 4.8 weeks (assuming 40 hour work ...Learn how to budget for a kitchen remodel based on size, scope, materials, and location. Find out the average cost range, factors affecting the price, and tips for saving money.For a dishwasher, the average price is 45 euro. If your kitchen refurbishment includes all the factors outlined above, a thorough remodel can cost an average of 3,500 euro. However, if you leave out some things like new kitchen cabinets and the painting and interior design, it is possible to remodel a kitchen in Portugal for about 1,600 euro.Aug 22, 2023 · A kitchen remodel runs $14,608 to $41,275, on average: Minor jobs can cost as little as $10,000 and major ones can mount to $100,000. Few projects command as big a price tag as a kitchen ... Oct 16, 2023 · Average Cost Of A Kitchen Remodel. Across the US, homeowners report that the average total cost of a full kitchen remodel is $11,000 – $25,000 depending on the size of the kitchen, local labor costs and the quality of materials that are used. The average kitchen remodel cost is $16,500-19,000. How Much Does It Cost to Remodel a Kitchen Yourself? Labor costs are a significant component of any kitchen remodel budget. The average is between $3,000 and $6,000, but a more accurate way to project the total cost might be to assume that 25% of your costs will go toward labor. Opting to DIY some …The kitchen remodel cost per square foot in this example is $377.10. The time calculated to complete this remodel would be 4.8 weeks (assuming 40 hour work ...Feb 3, 2022 · According to Remodeling magazine’s 2021 cost vs. value report, a kitchen remodel costs between $26,214 for minor changes to $149,079 for a major renovation with luxury fixtures. Jason Bernier, owner of Bernier Building and Remodeling, Inc. in Milford, Connecticut, says that his kitchen remodels start in the $50,000 range. hot chocolate ice creamshould i pay off closed accounts on credit report The average kitchen remodel costs depend on the size and quality of your project. A small kitchen upgrade ranges between $5,000 and $15,000, while the mid-range is $15,000 to $30,000. A large kitchen remodel can exceed $30,000. The cost is typically driven by the quality of materials and the number of line items included in the project scope. Average cost to finish a basement. The average cost to finish a basement is $30 to $50 per square foot or $15,000 to $75,000 total, depending on the size and number of rooms. Renovating a basement with an open floor plan costs less than adding multiple bedrooms and bathrooms. Partially finishing a basement costs $2,500 to $20,000.The cost of remodeling a kitchen is typically calculated per square foot. On average, it costs about $150 to $160 per square foot to remodel a kitchen.How much does a kitchen remodel cost? Kitchen remodels come in all shapes and sizes, and so can the cost associated. The average cost of a kitchen remodel can range from $28,279 for a minor remodel up to $158,015 for a major luxury remodel. Minor remodel.HomeAdvisor reports that the average kitchen remodel nowadays has a price tag of $26,180, which equates to around $150 per square foot. The …How Much Does It Cost to Remodel a Kitchen? The cost of a kitchen remodel depends on a lot of variables—from the size of your kitchen to the materials and appliances you source, and even the city where you live. According to Forbes, the average cost to remodel is about $25,000. However, that number can be significantly lower if … diablo 4 boosting Dec 1, 2023 ... While every kitchen remodel is unique, understanding average costs can serve as a benchmark. On average, a mid-range kitchen remodel may fall ...A kitchen cabinet remodel costs $1,500 to $13,000 on average, depending on the renovation method. The cost to redo kitchen cabinets by refinishing or staining is the cheapest at $1,500 to $4,500 . Cabinet refacing costs $5,000 to $13,000 and includes new cabinet doors and cabinet box veneers.For a dishwasher, the average price is 45 euro. If your kitchen refurbishment includes all the factors outlined above, a thorough remodel can cost an average of 3,500 euro. However, if you leave out some things like new kitchen cabinets and the painting and interior design, it is possible to remodel a kitchen in Portugal for about 1,600 euro. samuel l. jackson movieskevin hart katt williams It's the difference between asking "how much does a car cost", and "how much is a mid-sized non-luxury sedan". Like; Save; dcward89. ... My current kitchen remodel (condo - one 13-1/2" wall, plus a 10 x 4 island) cost about $45,000, which included labor, Bellmont 1900 cabinets, all appliances (Thermador built-in fridge, Bosch induction cooktop ...How much does it cost to remodel a kitchen in Canada? Type of remodel Typical cost; Minor: $13,000 to $19,000. Mid-range: $20,000 to $39,000. Major: $40,000+.The average kitchen remodel cost today is between $20,000 to $50,000. That's equivalent to $100 to $250 per square foot to renovate your kitchen. Asking for a ... american peanut butter and jelly Dec 1, 2023 ... While every kitchen remodel is unique, understanding average costs can serve as a benchmark. On average, a mid-range kitchen remodel may fall ...Mar 27, 2021 ... Cabinets $15,000 Countertops $4,000, Appliances $5000, Other materials such as flooring, fixtures, backsplash, hardware and mics $6,000. All ...The national average cost of a basic remodel ranges from $19,288 to $35,898. This tier is the least expensive because walls, utilities, and cabinets …The cost of remodeling a kitchen is typically calculated per square foot. On average, it costs about $150 to $160 per square foot to remodel a kitchen. best miles credit cardbest 1960s songs For a dishwasher, the average price is 45 euro. If your kitchen refurbishment includes all the factors outlined above, a thorough remodel can cost an average of 3,500 euro. However, if you leave out some things like new kitchen cabinets and the painting and interior design, it is possible to remodel a kitchen in Portugal for about 1,600 euro.May 25, 2023 ... What's the cost of a standard kitchen renovation? A standard kitchen renovation costs anywhere from $15,000 to $40,000, with the median overall ...Estimated average cost in Melbourne. All kitchen renovations. $63,500. Mid-range kitchen renovations. $40,000 – $60,000. Luxury kitchen renovations. $60,000+. When considering these figures, it’s important to remember these are only cost estimates and will be affected by factors such as: the type of renovation.You can spend $5-10,000 on appliances or splurge with a $20- 40,000 appliance package. Budgeting for a kitchen remodeling project can be tricky. The “type” of home (condo, townhouse, single family), age of the home (need to update utilities, lead paint hazards), location (urban with no parking), design/ layout of the …Jul 21, 2023 · On average, a kitchen renovation costs approximately $30,944 or $195 per square foot. Homeowners report spending between $16,402 and $45,618 or $97 to $326 per square foot. For example, a smaller kitchen remodel costs between $13,049 and $19,574 and may include painting walls, refacing cabinets, upgrading the sink and installing a new tile ... HomeAdvisor reports that the average kitchen remodel nowadays has a price tag of $26,180, which equates to around $150 per square foot. The cost range often spans between $13,510 and $38,854 ...Greatest number of choices for finishes and materials. MID-RANGE – Price Range: $80k to $120k. Mid-Range Dublin, OH Kitchen Remodel – 225sf. Mid-Range Upper Arlington, OH Kitchen Remodel – 115sf. Possible Scope of Work & Finishes: Reorganize existing layout for greater efficiency. Remove soffits.Cost by Area of Kitchen. Costs vary greatly by the materials you pick for each part of your kitchen. For example, pre-made stock cabinets can cost as little as $120 …Oct 13, 2021 · If you are planning to replace your kitchen cabinetry, the size of your kitchen and the materials you choose can dramatically affect the overall remodel cost of your 10×10 kitchen. While wood cabinets can cost you anywhere between $5,000 to $30,000, a high-end material like stainless steel can set you back by $25,000 to $35,000 during your ... Average cost to finish a basement. The average cost to finish a basement is $30 to $50 per square foot or $15,000 to $75,000 total, depending on the size and number of rooms. Renovating a basement with an open floor plan costs less than adding multiple bedrooms and bathrooms. Partially finishing a basement costs $2,500 to $20,000.A high-end bathroom remodel can involve top-of-the-line materials, custom cabinetry, layout changes, and luxury fixtures. For these types of remodels, costs can start at around $25,000 and can easily exceed $40,000 or more, especially if the remodel includes expanding the bathroom size, materials like …How much does an NYC kitchen remodel cost? Gut renovating an NYC kitchen (taking it down to the studs) will start around $300 psf. For a budget renovation, costs will start around $25,000. Mid-range renovations will start around $35,000; and high-end renovations will start around $65,000 and increase.Major Mid-Range Kitchen Remodel. If your kitchen needs more extensive work, such as replacing all the cabinetry and adding an island, the cost for a remodel is between $60,000 to $70,000, on average. If you make minor structural changes, such as rearranging the location of your major kitchen components, adding a new window and/or running new ...How Much Does It Cost To Renovate A Kitchen? Kitchens are traditionally one of the first rooms homeowners remodel. Doing so can cost anywhere from $26,790 to $154, 483.May 7, 2021 · For a mid-range kitchen renovation, with high quality but slightly less expensive appliances and so on, the average cost is around $68,000. For a basic kitchen remodel, with small upgrades and less expensive finishes, you might spend about $18,000. Again, these are just estimates; it varies depending on what appliances and design elements you ... William Fadul, co-owner of MOSAIC Group, tells us that his estimate of $50,000 to $75,000 applies to a 12 x16-foot kitchen and involves pretty much everything that homeowners want in a mid-range remodel: new semi-custom cabinets; all-new appliances (budgeted around $6,000); granite or solid-surface … collage booksbelaire diner Well, the bad news is that a kitchen renovation can cost the same as a new kitchen due to the process of ripping out your old one. However, if you keep some of your foundations intact you may be able to save on costs. Small kitchen renovation — $5,000 to $22,000 . Medium kitchen renovation — $22,000 to …According to Remodeling magazine’s 2021 cost vs. value report, a kitchen remodel costs between $26,214 for minor changes to $149,079 for a major renovation with luxury fixtures. Jason Bernier, … cheapest internet provider How much does a kitchen remodel cost? National Average. While the average cost to remodel a kitchen is $26,500, it can range significantly from or more …Full Remodel with Existing Layout. For homes valued at less than $300k you’re likely to spend between $40k to $55k. If your home’s value is between $300k to $750k you should spend $60k to $100k+. If the value of your home exceeds $750k you are likely to have a budget of $85k and up.Renovation costs vary considerably, depending on how much work you're having done. Expect to be quoted anywhere from: $10,000 - $45,000+ for kitchen renovations. $2,000 - $10,000+ for garden renovations. $10,000 - $35,000+ for bathroom renovations. $10,000 - $15,000+ for living room renovations. $2,000 - $35,000+ for …Dec 1, 2023 ... While every kitchen remodel is unique, understanding average costs can serve as a benchmark. On average, a mid-range kitchen remodel may fall ...Conducting a gut renovation costs anywhere from $90,000 to $210,000, translating to $90 to $210 per square foot. There is a less-intensive interior gut renovation option that just replaces ...The average bathroom remodel costs $11,989, with most homeowners spending between $6,628 and $17,526 for a complete tear-out and replacement of all walls, fixtures, and appliances.On a large or primary bath, prices can reach as high as $28,000.How much does it cost to remodel a kitchen in Canada? Type of remodel Typical cost; Minor: $13,000 to $19,000. Mid-range: $20,000 to $39,000. Major: $40,000+.A moderate remodel costs between $25,000 to $60,000. In this price range, you’ll be replacing things like countertops, flooring, appliances, and …Includes equipment allowance and supplies for preparation, job completion and site cleanup. $980. $1,117. Total. Excludes sales tax, any applicable fees, dump …Mar 8, 2024 ... The average cost of kitchen remodeling is currently at $22134 and could go all the way up to $50000. Small projects may cost as low as ...Jul 18, 2023 ... The average size of a small kitchen is between 70 and 100 square feet, so anticipate spending between $10,500 and $15,000 for your kitchen, ... For a 300-500k house, 75k kitchen is where you should be, 500k-1 mil should be around 150-250k, 2 mil house and up should be 250-350k IMO. Reply reply. LauraPringlesWilder. •. As someone with a house approaching $1m, you do not need to have a $200k kitchen, this varies widely by area :) Reply reply. How Much Does it Cost to Install Kitchen Cabinets? The cost to install kitchen cabinets typicallys range between $4,000 and $13,000 as of 2024, with a national average price of $7,500. When looking at the cost by linear foot of cabinetry installed, you can expect to pay around $150 to $500 per linear foot for …A kitchen cabinet remodel costs $1,500 to $13,000 on average, depending on the renovation method. The cost to redo kitchen cabinets by refinishing or staining is the cheapest at $1,500 to $4,500 . Cabinet refacing costs $5,000 to $13,000 and includes new cabinet doors and cabinet box veneers. How Much Does It Cost To Remodel A Kitchen In Las Vegas? The average cost to remodel a kitchen is $100 to $250 per square foot. Las Vegas homeowners typically spend around $12,000 to $25,000 for remodelling of an average-sized kitchen. Greatest number of choices for finishes and materials. MID-RANGE – Price Range: $80k to $120k. Mid-Range Dublin, OH Kitchen Remodel – 225sf. Mid-Range Upper Arlington, OH Kitchen Remodel – 115sf. Possible Scope of Work & Finishes: Reorganize existing layout for greater efficiency. Remove soffits.The average kitchen remodel cost today is between $20,000 to $50,000. That's equivalent to $100 to $250 per square foot to renovate your kitchen. Asking for a ...Jul 28, 2022 ... A complete dream kitchen remodel in the Chicagoland and northern & western suburban area typically costs $115,000 to $200,000 or more. In a 424 ...The cost to replace hardware on a kitchen cabinet typically falls between $100 and $1,000, depending on the style chosen. hat cost can increase to as high as $10,000 for custom or antique hardware.Mar 11, 2020 · How much does it cost to remodel a kitchen? On average, it costs $25,064 (or $150 per square foot) to remodel a kitchen, according to data from HomeAdvisor. Keep in mind that this number is part of a wide range—the cost can vary significantly depending on where you live and how much work you put into your remodel. The typical cost range for a small kitchen remodel is $10,500 to $15,000, and the national average cost is $12,750. The main factors that affect a … why are we herebest multivitamin reddit The kitchen is often the heart of a home. It’s the place the whole family gathers for meals, homework, conversation and entertaining. It’s important to make it work for the entire ...Remodeling a kitchen can be an exciting project that breathes new life into one of the most important spaces in your home. However, it’s crucial to have a clear understanding of th... How Much Does It Cost To Remodel A Kitchen In Las Vegas? The average cost to remodel a kitchen is $100 to $250 per square foot. Las Vegas homeowners typically spend around $12,000 to $25,000 for remodelling of an average-sized kitchen. How much does it cost to remodel a kitchen in Canada? Type of remodel Typical cost; Minor: $13,000 to $19,000. Mid-range: $20,000 to $39,000. Major: $40,000+.Feb 3, 2022 · According to Remodeling magazine’s 2021 cost vs. value report, a kitchen remodel costs between $26,214 for minor changes to $149,079 for a major renovation with luxury fixtures. Jason Bernier, owner of Bernier Building and Remodeling, Inc. in Milford, Connecticut, says that his kitchen remodels start in the $50,000 range. cheaper phone service A budget kitchen renovation will have an average price range of $20,000 to $30,000. A standard kitchen renovation will have an average price range of $30,000 to $45,000. A high-end kitchen renovation will have an average price range of $45,000+. Another factor that can also affect your kitchen renovation cost is the quality of the materials you ...This is referred to as a replacement kitchen. A replacement kitchen project will take an average of 6 to 8 weeks for a medium sized kitchen. Remodeling projects involving a larger kitchen, structural changes, …In order to plan your remodel, you need to understand all of the costs and variables involved in a kitchen renovation project. Kitchen remodeling made up as much as 78% of home projects in the past year. This is also a project that has a great return on investment, with most kitchen renovations holding 75-80% of their value and improving … what is the average internet speedair force fire protection ---2